文言文原文加翻译 、英文对照版《出师表》中篇

文：将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用之于昔日，先帝称之曰能，是以众议举宠为督。愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。

译：将军向宠，性格和品行善良公正，精通军事，从前任用时，先帝称赞说他有才干，因此大家评议举荐他做中部督。我认为军队中的事情，都拿来跟他商讨，就一定能使军队团结一心，好的差的各自找到他们的位置。

英：Xiang Chong, a general of fine character and fair-minded conduct, profoundly versed in military matters, proved himself in battle during the previous reign, and the late Emperor pronounced him capable. That is why the assembly has recommended him for overall command. In my humble opinion,General Xiang Chong should be consulted on all military matters large or small to ensure harmony in the ranks and the judicious use of personnel.

文：亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞良死节之臣，愿陛下亲之信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。

译：亲近贤臣，疏远小人，这是西汉之所以兴隆的原因；亲近小人，疏远贤臣，这是东汉之所以衰败的原因。先帝在世的时候，每逢跟我谈论这些事情，没有一次不对桓、灵二帝的做法感到叹息痛心遗憾的。侍中、尚书、长史、参军，这些人都是忠贞诚实、能够以死报国的忠臣，希望陛下亲近他们，信任他们，那么汉朝的兴隆就指日可待了。

英： The Former Han thrived because its emperors stayed close to worthy vassals and far from conniving courtiers. The opposite policy led the Later Han to ruin.Whenever the late Emperor discussed this problem with me, he decried the failings of Emperors Huan and Ling. Privy counselors Guo Youzhi and Fei Yi, Secretary Chen Zhen,Senior Adviser Zhang Yi, and Military Counselor Jiang Wan are all men of shining integrity and unshakable devotion. I beg Your Majesty to keep close to them and to trust them, for that will strengthen our hopes for the resurgence of the house of Han.

文：臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。

译：我本来是平民，在南阳务农亲耕，在乱世中苟且保全性命，不奢求在诸侯之中出名。先帝不因为我身份卑微，见识短浅，降低身份委屈自己，三次去我的茅庐拜访我，征询我对时局大事的意见，我因此十分感动，就答应为先帝奔走效劳。后来遇到兵败，在兵败的时候接受任务，在危机患难之间奉行使命，那时以来已经有二十一年了。

英：I began as a common man, toiling in my fields in Nanyang, doing what I could to keep body and soul together in an age of disorder and taking no interest in making a name for myself among the lords of the realm. Though it was beneath the dignity of the late Emperor to do so, he honored my thatched cottage to solicit my counsel on the events of the day. Grateful for his regard, I respond to his appeal and threw myself heart and soul into his service.Hard times followed for the cause of the late Emperor. I assumed my duties at a critical moment for our defeated army, accepting assignment in a period of direst danger. Now twenty-one years have passed.